Tag Archives: Paddy Power

Time for a gamble?

While waiting for earnings season to show how firms are forecasting the impact of macro trends, it’s a good time to look over some investing ideas for the future. Having a few names selected that can be picked up in market weakness is always a good way of building quality positions. It also helps in viewing current positions to see if they stack up to alternatives.

Regular readers will know that I think the insurance sector is best left alone given pricing and competitive pressures. Despite the odd look from afar, I have never been able to get comfortable with hot sectors such as the Chinese internet firms (as per this July post). The hype around new technologies such as 3D printing has taken a battering with firms like 3D Systems and Stratasys bursting the bubble. A previous post in 2014 highlighted that a focussed play on 3D printing such as Sirona Dental makes better sense to me. The Biotech sector is not one I am generally comfortable in as it seems to me to be akin to leveraged one way bets (loss making firms with massive potential trading a large multiples of revenue). Firms such as GW Pharma which are looking at commercializing cannabinoid medicines for multiple sclerosis, cancer and epilepsy have had the shine taken off their gigantic runs in the recent volatility. My views on Trinity Biotech (which is not really a biotech firm) were expressed in a recent post in May and haven’t really changed despite a subsequent 25% drop. I need to see more results from TRIB to get comfortable that the core business justifies the current valuation with the upside being in the FDA approval of the Troponin point-of-care cardiac tests. Other ideas such as online education firm Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (in this post) have failed to sparkle.

click to enlargeInvesting Ideas October 2015

This leads me to the online gambling sector that I have posted on many times (here and here for example) and specifically to the Paddy Power/Betfair merge. My interest in this sector has not been one from an investment point of view (despite highlighting that PP and Betfair would make a good combination in May!) but I can’t get the recent performance of these two firms out of my head. The graph below shows the profit before tax margins of each (with my estimate for 2015).

click to enlargePaddy Power Betfair Historical PBT Margins

One of the things that stand out is how Betfair’s margin has improved, despite the recent headwinds such as the UK point of consumption (POC) tax. Indeed the market view that Betfair CEO Breon Corcoran is the new messiah can best be illustrated in the graph below on the firm’s performance since he took charge (revenue in sterling). It shows solid revenue growth (particularly from sustainable markets) and the incredible recent growth in EBITDA margin despite the drag of 9% of EBITDA margin from the POC tax.

click to enlargeBetfair Revenue Split & EBITDA Margin to July 2015

At the most recent results, Corcoran did highlight some headwinds that would bring the margins down (e.g. phasing of marketing spend and increased product investment) but emphasised the “high level of operational gearing” in the business and the “top-line momentum”. The merger of these two high class firms under a proven management team does make one giddy with the possibilities. The brokers Davy have a price target of €129 on the Paddy Power shares (currently trading just below €100). More information should emerge as documents for the shareholder votes are published (closing date expected in Q1 2016). An investor presentation does offer some insight (for example, as per the graphic below).

click to enlargeOnline Gambling Sector

I have calculated some initial estimates of what the combined entity will look like. Using an assumed constant sterling to euro FX rate of 1.30 and trying to adjust for Betfair’s funny reporting calendar, I estimate calendar year revenue growth 2016 to 2015 at 17% assuming a sterling reporting currency, as per the split below.

click to enlargePaddy Power Betfair pro-forma revenue split

I also calculated a profit before tax margin for the combined entity of 18% which increases to 21% post cost savings. Given approx 91 million shares in the new entity, my estimated operating EPS for 2016 is therefore approx £3.85 or approx €5.00 which gives a 20 multiple to operating earnings at the Paddy Power share price around €100 today.

So is buying into the merger of two quality firms with top management in a sector that is undergoing rapid change at a multiple of 20 sensible in today’s market? That depends whether you think it’s time for a gamble or whether patience will provide a more opportune time.

Summer Blues

After the holidays, it’s time to pack the bucket and spades away and get back into the routine. It has been a volatile August.  A bear call in a post in early May is looking pertinent (as is the post on a suggested tie-up between Paddy Power and Betfair!) given the 7% drop in the S&P500 since then, although it is more likely dumb luck.

The market concern is centred on the prospects for China’s economy. Growth is widely believed to be a lot lower than the official 7% with exports down, concerns about zombie loans and the political ramifications of managing a lower growth economy. The Economist, in an article this week, highlighted the potential impact of a slow-down in China and other emerging markets on global growth, as per the graph below.

click to enlargeGlobal GDP Growth Breakdown 1980 to 2015

Amongst the usual holiday reading, I brought two books on economics for the beach. The first was the FT’s Martin Wolf’s “The shifts and the shocks” from late in 2014 and the second is the recently published “Postcapitalism” by Paul Mason. Although often a laboured read, I did manage to finish the former whilst I only got to start the latter (which is a much easier read).

Reading Wolf’s book as the China led volatility was unfolding only led to an enhanced feeling of negativity from the themes of the book, namely the lessons as yet unlearned from the crisis. Wolf competently covers much of the causes of the crisis and its aftermath – a global savings glut and associated global imbalances, an expansionary monetary policy that ignored asset prices and credit, an unstable liberalized financial system supervised by naïve regulation. The following graph from the IMF reminds of the global imbalances that proved so toxic when combined with a rampant financial sector.

click to enlargeGlobal Current Account Imbalances 1980 to 2013

Wolf questions the “belief that government borrowing is the illness for which private borrowing is the cure has survived all that has happened”. Some of the solutions that Wolf proposes include much higher capital requirements for banks than is currently being implemented under Basel III, deleveraging initiatives such as tax incentives towards equity and away from debt, corporate tax changes to encourage corporate investment, changes in debt contracts to convert to equity on macro-economic metrics, policies to address income inequality and to promote research and education.

A more radical reform of the financial system, along the lines of the Chicago Plan for 100% reserve banking whereby the ability to create money is taken away from profit seeking banks and given solely to central banks, is a step that Wolf favours but believes is unrealistic given the realpolitik of the developed world system. On the globalised financial system, Wolf believes that the “obvious truth that unless regulation and the supply of fiscal backstops is to be much more global, finance should be far less so” and suggests a greater segmentation of the world’s financial system.

There are many themes in Wolf’s book that got me thinking and I am hoping that Mason’s book will do the same, albeit from a totally different perspective. I think the market volatility has more time to play out and hopefully my summer reading, although yet to be completed, will assist in understanding what may come next.

Gambling Problems

It has been about 6 months since I posted on the gambling and gaming sector (also earlier here) and there has been a lot going on. BWIN, after being on the block for some time, is closing in on a sale of its business with 888 and GCV (in conjunction with PokerStars and FullTilt owner Amaya) the speculated favourites. 888 itself rejected an offer from William Hill earlier in February this year. Meanwhile, Betfair and PaddyPower opted to return their cash piles of £200 million and €440 million respectively to shareholders rather than get involved in any M&A.

Ladbrokes, after a series of poor results, promoted the digital head Jim Mullen to CEO who is currently involved in a route and branch review of the firm with the outcome due to announced in June. His first move was to put the Irish business into examinership. Ladbrokes woes have continued with poor gambling Q1 results, continuing a run of bad luck after a disastrous boxing day football gross loss, as the exhibit below shows.

click to enlarge2014 Boxing Day 11 standard deviations

As can be seen by the graph below, Breon Corcoran’s rehabilitation of Betfair’s exchange model has resulted in an outstanding performance with a near doubling of the stock. The ex-Paddy Power executive has delivered on his plans for the betting exchange (as detailed in this post). [Update: Numis just released a note on Betfair’s rich valuation as per this article.] The tiny casino player 32Red has also had a good run due to solid 2014 results and M&A speculation.

click to enlargeShare Price 6months to May 2015 William Hill Ladbrokes Paddy Power Betfair 888 BWIN 32red

Internal candidates in William Hill and Paddy Power, James Henderson and Andy McCue respectively, also took over the CEO role.

The challenges for the sector are considerable. In the UK, the point of consumption (POC) tax of 15% has been in force in the UK since December and a new 25% rate of Machine Games Duty (MGD) applied from the 1st of March. Uncertain regulation across Europe and the lack of traction in opening of US markets are other headwinds.

Operator’s ability to reduce pay-outs to punters to counter tax increases is restricted by the competitive nature of the market, particularly online as the graph below on gross win percentages illustrates.

click to enlargeOnline Sportsbook Gross Win Percentage

Taking the commentary from the operators on the impact of increased taxes, I estimated the likely impact on net margins for a number of firms (as the graph below shows).

click to enlargeNet Margin estimates to 2015 gambling firms

The market is giving Betfair and Paddy Power credit for their recent revenue growth, strong operating results, product development and strong mobile adoption. Based upon my estimates, both trade on a 2015 PE in the low 30’s.

click to enlargeMarket valuations gambling firms

A brief review of the business profile of a selection of firms illustrates the differing models, as per the exhibits below.

click to enlargeGambling Sector Revenue Split & EBITDA estimates

click to enlargeGambling Sector Revenue Geographical Split 2015

It will be fascinating to see how the remainder of 2015 plays out for this sector. Scale is undoubting going to be a strength for firms in the future. What the large UK operators, Ladbrokes and William Hill, will do to counter headwinds will be intriguing. Although there is nothing to suggest it is remotely likely, it occurs to me that a tie-up between Paddy Power and Betfair would make a powerful combination.

Uniting Gamesters

BWIN’s on-going search to “create shareholder value” seems to be moving on with the announcement that it “has entered into preliminary discussions with a number of interested parties regarding a variety of potential business”. A previous post on a number of the main players in the European gambling sector highlighted that William Hill and Paddy Power were speculated to be potential bidders for all or parts of BWIN, a European online gaming firm with a concentration of approx 25% of revenues from Germany. Now press reports speculate the potential interested parties include the Canadian firm Amaya, who purchased PokerStars/Full Tilt earlier this year, and Playtech, a software gaming firm that are “seeking transformational M&A opportunities to take the business to the next level”.

Commentators raised an eyebrow about the speculated 45% premium on offer (from before discussions were reported) given BWIN’s operating metrics and the uncertainty over the key German market. Speculation involving Playtech focussed on their recent debt raising which brings their cash-pile to around €700 million. Playtech’s shareholders may not be too pleased if their new strategy moves too far away from the very profitable software business, particularly considering the alternative of continuing with their generous special dividends. Taking on businesses such as BWIN, or even another speculated target like Ladbrokes, is a far cry from what made Playtech such a star.

In fact, the best performer in the sector (in fact the only name that’s in positive territory!) is the reinvigorated Betfair under Breon Corcoran (see previous post on Betfair) as can be seen below (they also have cash to spend on potential M&A).

click to enlargeShare price YTD selected betting stocks

This is a fascinated sector that is in the midst of considerable change. Although I have no financial interest in the sector, I am an intrigued bystander. Bring on the next development.

More musings on the online gambling sector

A previous post on Paddy Power, William Hill and Ladbrokes showed how online sportsbook and gaming revenue are becoming an important part of the revenues of these firms. Another recent post on Betfair showed a similar import. This post will focus on the online gaming (which is a gentlier word used in the sector for what is more aptly described as online gambling) part of the equation.

As a recap, the graph below shows the online gaming revenues from Paddy Power, William Hill, Ladbrokes and Betfair (with PP converted to sterling at today’s rate) which make up 17%, 16%, 8% and 17% of their 2013 revenues respectively. Ladbrokes has approximately half the amount of its competitors. The considerable growth in William Hill’s online gaming (mainly casino) revenue after the creation of WH Online (WHO) in 2008 can clearly be seen. H2 Gambling Capital are forecasting an approximate 9% annual growth in online gaming gross win figures over the next few years

click to enlargeNet Gaming Revenue

None of the firms above split out their operating margins for the online gaming sectors. As casino is the dominant source of revenue for many of the firms, it is interesting to look at a diminutive online casino firm called 32Red, as per the graph below. Although 32Red is relatively small, the reduction in its margin to an average of 6% suggests that competition has pushed margins down in this business.

click to enlarge32Red Operating Metrics

Another two public firms that have a majority of their business in online gaming are 888 and BWIN. 888 is a well established player, particularly in the online casino market, with 40% of revenues in the UK and 40% in the rest of Europe in 2013, and it has been rebuilding its profit margins in recent years. 888’s operating metrics are summarized in the graph below.

click to enlarge888 Operating Metrics

BWIN, following its merger with PartyGaming in 2011, has a higher revenue base across Europe (excluding UK) making up approx 70% of 2013 revenues (25% from Germany) with only 10% from the UK. After some poor results and pressure from shareholders, BWIN is currently cutting its expense base by €30 million or approx 5.5% and is looked at ways it “can increase shareholder value”. BWIN’s operating metrics are summarized in the graph below.

click to enlargeBWIN Operating Metrics

The share performance of these firms has been distinctly mixed in recent years with little old 32Red blowing the others away, as per the graph below. BWIN has clearly underperformed and may likely be broken up. Analysts have speculated that a number of potential bidders, including William Hill and Paddy Power, are looking at various BWIN assets. Janus Capital Management has being building its stake in BWIN over recent months to 11% as at mid-July.

click to enlargeShare price since 2011 888 BWIN 32Red

Comparing the mainly online gaming firms with their more established betting firms in terms of the PBT margin shows the trend for both is downwards, as per the graph below. Headwinds include increased regulation and taxes such as the proposed UK POC tax. Opportunities include the explosion in mobile gambling, the slow re-opening of the US market (although I am sure established US bricks and mortar gambling firms will fight hard for their turf), new product development such as social gaming and the expected market consolidation. Amaya’s recent purchase of PokerStars has focussed minds on what will be needed to succeed in the US.

click to enlarge2003 to 2013 PBT Margin Betting & Online Gaming Firms

One of the more colourful firms in the sector, Playtech, has some interesting things to say about where the future is leading. On increased regulation, Playtech say that “the regulation of online gambling can be a catalyst for market growth, depending on how regulation is introduced, what product verticals the regulator allows and the tax rate applied” and that ”opportunities exist as markets move from a ‘dot.com’ to a ‘dot.national’ regime, although some uncertainties through the transition period are expected”.

Specifically on the UK, Playtech commented that “many smaller operators are understood to generate operating margins lower than the expected tax rate of 15% and in the view of industry experts, will struggle to compete. Larger operators can rely on economies of scale and their leading brands to remain competitive. Analysts expect that in 2015 the UK market will undergo significant change led by consolidation, as those operators with the strongest brands, best technology and means to invest in marketing will prevail”.

Playtech is a software gaming firm which offers a fully integrated platform across games and sports-betting called IMS that many of the main players use (licensees include Betfair, bet365, William Hill, Paddy Power and Sky, amongst others). They also run a white label turn-key operation called PTTS and a joint venture business. Their most well known joint venture was one where they very successfully partnered with William Hill in 2008 in the creation of William Hill Online (WHO). William Hill recently bought out Playtech of their 29% stake for £424 million. In March 2013, Playtech entered into a deal with Ladbrokes (in an attempt by Ladbrokes to diversify their business and catch up with their competitors – see first paragraph of this post) where, according to Morgan Stanley, Playtech “has effectively been given a quasi-equity stake, where it will “own” 27.5% of any increase in profits”. A Morgan Stanley report, although over a year old, has more interesting background on Playtech (they are still hot on the stock). The graph below highlights some of the metrics behind Playtech.

click to enlargePlaytech Revenues and PBT Margin 2009 to 2013

Much of the colour behind the firm has been provided by its 40 year old Israeli playboy founder, Teddy Sagi, who has a bribery and insider trading conviction from his youth in the 1990s. Playtech bought many of the assets used in the WHO 2008 deal from Sagi and also the PTTS assets (70% of this business is from Imperial e-Club licensed in Antigua and Barbuda!) in 2011 which caused concerns about conflicts of interest. Concern over such conflicts on what Playtech may do with its new cash pile from the WHO sale (they returned £100 million in a special dividend earlier this year but still have £376 million in cash as at end Q1) and on potential problems that Sagi’s ownership position may do in gaining access to the US resulted in an offering in March this year which reduced his 49% stake to 34%.

Playtech has stated that their “the Board is seeking transformational M&A opportunities to take the business to the next level.” Although it’s a bit too colourful for me, a number of analysts estimate a 20%+ upside on its current share price and it’s interesting to note that David Einhorn’s Greenlight Capital is a believer with an ownership of 3.8%. That, I think, is a good place to end a post on gambling!